The body of historical markets as a system of the city has a structure like any other phenomenon. This structure is the result of the shapes of its components, such as chambers..., at different levels and levels in the environment, and it is governed by certain principles. During many years, besides preserving the traditional load and native culture of each region, they are considered the most important communication axis of the urban space in Iranian cities. In this research, the historical market of Birjand is introduced. Birjand market, like other markets in Iran, consists of various components and elements, some of which have disappeared over time and some of which are still standing, and these elements can be divided into three parts of economic physical elements . physical-cultural and religious elements and physical-service and public elements and divided. The main goal of this research is to identify and analyze the functional structural patterns of the historical market of Birjand city. According to the results of this research, it can be said that the formation of Birjand market under the influence of various geographical, political, social and economic factors obviously started from the Safavid era and expanded and evolved in the Qajar era. And during the Pahlavi era, it was torn into pieces by the movement of new street, and now it is reviving with an injured body. The current research is a descriptive and analytical research with a historical and cultural approach and its findings have been collected through library.