The transition from Pishdādiān mythological period to the Kayānids dynasty in the language of archaeology; An Investigating in Relationship between a Severe Drought and Iron Age transformations in Central Asia and the other lands adjacent to the Iran

Firouzi, Sorena; Mehrafarin, Reza; Mousavihaji, Seyed Rasool

doi:10.22034/jgk.2026.362236.1082

The transition from Pishdādiān mythological period to the Kayānids dynasty in the language of archaeology; An Investigating in Relationship between a Severe Drought and Iron Age transformations in Central Asia and the other lands adjacent to the Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Sorena Firouzi ¹

Reza Mehrafarin ²

Seyed Rasool Mousavihaji ²

¹ PhD candidate in historical archaeology, Faculty of Art and architecture, University of Mazandaran

² Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

10.22034/jgk.2026.362236.1082

Abstract

According to the mythological history of Iran,,the two dynasties of Pishdādiān and Kayānids are located along each other, and the Pishdādiān period is known as the first stage of Iranian traditional history. How a transition of power occurred from the first period to the second dynasty is an issue that the content of the texts related to mythological history have not clearly addressed, and the issue has only been raised in such a way that the royal throne remained empty and when Kavād. the founder of Kayānids dynasty sat on it. What is the purpose of this study, firstly, is to examine the possible chronology for some components related to the Kayānids period, whose historicity and their impact on the documented historical periods have been proven. The most important of these components is the analysis of the time of Zoroaster's appearance and the first evidences related to his thoughts. Then, based on the statistical data documented in the texts, a possible and compatible chronology of mythological periods and based on the language of archaeology (possible adaptations with field evidence) has been investigated and developed. The upcoming research showed that there is a significant connection between the issue of power transition and change of reign between mythological dynasties and the effects of a very large and widespread drought in the last quarter of the second millennium in West Asia.

Keywords

Archaeomythology"

Pishdādiān"

Kayānids"

. "

Yaz culture"

, "

Drought"

Subjects