Islamic Middle Ages can be considered as an era of mosque edifying activities. By passing the Islamic conquests era renowned by the Ghazi (warriors) and the Mujahedeen, the Ulema consolidated the scientific and theoretical foundations of the Islamic civilization. Hence, the religious achievements of Muslims in the conqueror period and the intellectual needs of the Islamic society caused the post-conqueror period to be accompanied by the scientific dynamics of Muslim scientists and scholars. Holding scientific circles and the presence of the Qariyan, theologians, commentators, and jurists in the mosques illustrate the dynamism and development of this religious and educational institution at this time of Islamic history. The main question that this article tries to address is that what was the role of the educational functions of the Samanid mosques, and what was the role of scholars in the development of religious sciences in the Islamic world under the domination of this ruling dynasty. The findings of this research, which are based on qualitative and descriptive-analytic approach, show that the religious policy of the Samanid emirs, in line with the Abbasid caliphs, was effective in the development of religious sciences in Khorasan and Transaxiana. On the other hand, the efforts of the scholars of the Samanid realm to hold educational sessions and teach religious sciences in mosques led to attracting scholars from all over the Muslim world to Khorasan and Transaxiana, with the aim of obtaining knowledge from them.
Keywords: Samanids, Mosques, Ulama, Religious sciences, Islamic world
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