Timurid era, is the efflorescence and prevalence era of kinds of the art branches. The investment and patronage by Timurid commander to calligraphy, is one of the growth factors of this art in the lunar ninth century and future periods. In the era of Sultan Hossein Bayqara (911-875A.H) and his minister, Amir Ali-shir Navaii, the art developed to the extent that historians called this period "East Renaissance". They created the field of creativity of these artists, and as a result, the development of this art in Khorasan by reducing the economic concerns of artists such as calligraphy and also financial support, and providing job security and political support. So that, according to the most researchers, the emergence of an artist like Sultan Ali Mashhadi who is the greatest calligraphers of the Timurid period and one of the prominent artists in the Iran history, is proof of this. This article aims to investigate Conditions of calligraphy and famous artists of khorasan in the Timurid period by the descriptive-analytical method and based on historical resources. The present study attempts to answer the questions what conditions caused the development of calligraphy in the Timurid period, and how many of these artists were Khorasani? The Data show that due to the Timurid rulers’ attention to calligraphy, scientific and practical steps were removed in the field of calligraphy, and a few Khorasani artists were known in this field.
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